{"id":6026,"date":"2016-12-30T18:31:30","date_gmt":"2016-12-30T17:31:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/?p=6026"},"modified":"2017-01-04T07:43:23","modified_gmt":"2017-01-04T06:43:23","slug":"le-niellage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/le-niellage\/","title":{"rendered":"Le niellage"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le niellage<\/b> est la technique d’orf\u00e8vrerie qui consiste \u00e0 appliquer le niello<\/i> (du latin nigellus<\/i>, noirci), un sulfure\u00a0m\u00e9tallique de couleur noire, employ\u00e9 comme mati\u00e8re de remplissage dans la marqueterie\u00a0\u00a0de m\u00e9taux.\u00a0\u00a0Le niellage est une \u00a0technique d\u00e9corative luxueuse et d\u00e9licate pour les objets pr\u00e9cieux \u00a0comme les objets de culte; \u00a0les nielles ornaient les calices, les reliquaires, les couvertures des \u00e9vangiles mais aussi \u00a0la vaisselle d’apparat, les manches de couteaux, \u00a0les poign\u00e9es d’\u00e9p\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

\"Tabati\u00e8re<\/a>
Tabati\u00e8re en argent niell\u00e9 \u00e9poque Charles X.
(c) Anne Besnard, Proantic<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Les \u00c9gyptiens sont cr\u00e9dit\u00e9s de l’invention de cette technique, reprise en Europe par les Romains puis au Moyen \u00c2ge, ensuite par les orf\u00e8vres de la Renaissance en Italie\u00a0(niellatura<\/i>) et en Allemagne. \u00c0 partir du XVII<\/span>e<\/sup>\u00a0si\u00e8cle, le nielle n’est plus gu\u00e8re employ\u00e9 que dans les pays orientaux ou en Russie; il retrouvera une certaine faveur au cours du XIX<\/span>e<\/sup>\u00a0si\u00e8cle\u00a0 pour orner tabati\u00e8res, montres, bracelets etc.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Fl\u00fbte<\/a>
Fl\u00fbte \u00e0 champagne en argent vermeil niell\u00e9 – Moscou Russie fin 18\u00e8me.
(c) Biarritz Antiques, Proantic.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Fabrication d’un nielle<\/strong><\/p>\n

Il s’agit d’incruster dans les tailles faites au burin sur une plaque d’argent, une substance noire pour faire ressortir le motif. La plaque peut \u00eatre aussi en or ou en cuivre suivant les objets.<\/p>\n

Apr\u00e8s avoir ex\u00e9cuter sa gravure au burin, l’orf\u00e8vre pr\u00e9parait le nielle.<\/p>\n

\"Tabati\u00e8re<\/a>
Tabati\u00e8re En Argent Niell\u00e9, XIX\u00e8me.
(c) Antiquit\u00e9s Fran\u00e7ois Decamp, Proantic.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Dans un creuset il m\u00e9langeait du sulfure d’argent, du cuivre et du plomb, du soufre et du borax ; ce m\u00e9lange \u00e9tant fondu et chauff\u00e9 jusqu’\u00e0 la vitrification, on le coulait et on le laissait refroidir. La composition noire \u00a0devenue cassante \u00e9tait ensuite pil\u00e9e, broy\u00e9es et tamis\u00e9e en poudre tr\u00e8s fine.<\/p>\n

L’orf\u00e8vre alors r\u00e9pandait avec pr\u00e9caution cette poudre sur les parties grav\u00e9es de la planche (ou de l’objet). Ensuite il pla\u00e7ait la planche pr\u00e8s d’un feu clair et envoyait la flamme sur la plaque de m\u00e9tal au moyen d’un soufflet. Le nielle mis de nouveau en fusion se fixait sur le m\u00e9tal. La planche niell\u00e9e et refroidie \u00e9tait polie avec une pierre ponce, puis avec des mati\u00e8res plus douces et ensuite \u00e0 la main. \u00a0Le r\u00e9sultat obtenu joue ainsi sur le contraste.<\/p>\n

\"Cuill\u00e8res<\/a>
Cuill\u00e8res en argent massif et vermeil, niell\u00e9es d’un d\u00e9cor floral.
Travail Russe, vers 1958.
(c) Antiquit\u00e9s Ollivier, proantic<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Tout l’effet du niellage repose sur l’opposition des traits noirs brillants que produisent les sulfures m\u00e9talliques qui remplissent le dessin, avec le fond plus ou moins blanc de l’argent. \u00a0On con\u00e7oit tr\u00e8s bien tout le parti qu’un habile graveur peut tirer de cette simple opposition.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le niellage est la technique d’orf\u00e8vrerie qui consiste \u00e0 appliquer le niello (du latin nigellus, noirci), un sulfure\u00a0m\u00e9tallique de couleur noire, employ\u00e9 comme mati\u00e8re de remplissage dans la marqueterie\u00a0\u00a0de m\u00e9taux.\u00a0\u00a0Le niellage est une \u00a0technique d\u00e9corative luxueuse et d\u00e9licate pour les objets pr\u00e9cieux \u00a0comme les objets de culte; \u00a0les nielles ornaient les calices, les reliquaires, les […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":6040,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[372],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6026","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-abc-du-decor"],"yoast_head":"\nLe niellage Le Magazine de Proantic<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le niellage est la technique d'orf\u00e8vrerie qui 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