{"id":9944,"date":"2018-12-22T13:40:52","date_gmt":"2018-12-22T12:40:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/?p=9944"},"modified":"2018-12-23T18:32:02","modified_gmt":"2018-12-23T17:32:02","slug":"taques-plaques-de-cheminees","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/taques-plaques-de-cheminees\/","title":{"rendered":"Les taques et les plaques de chemin\u00e9es"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Bien longtemps avant qu\u2019on ait utilis\u00e9 les po\u00eales, on avait cependant am\u00e9lior\u00e9 le chauffage des maisons gr\u00e2ce aux plaques et aux taques de chemin\u00e9e,<\/strong> \u00a0plaque de\u00a0fonte\u00a0(plus rarement en cuivre, en pierre et en bronze) qui garnit le\u00a0contrec\u0153ur\u00a0d&rsquo;une\u00a0chemin\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>Jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fin du moyen-\u00e2ge, le fond des chemin\u00e9es, ou contrec\u0153ur, \u00e9tait simplement garni de briques. C\u2019est aux environs de 1500 seulement qu\u2019apparurent les premi\u00e8res plaques de fonte de fer assez \u00e9paisses qui prot\u00e9geaient le mur des ardeurs de la flamme et en m\u00eame temps assuraient un meilleur rayonnement de la chaleur. Les plaques en fonte se g\u00e9n\u00e9ralisent au milieu du XVI\u00e8me si\u00e8cle.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9952\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9952\" style=\"width: 665px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/417421-1.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9952\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/taques-plaques-de-cheminees\/417421-1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/417421-1.jpg?fit=896%2C1200&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"896,1200\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Taque de chemin\u00e9e aux armes de la LORRAINE 17\u00e9me si\u00e8cle. (c) Deschamps Mat\u00e9riaux Anciens\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Taque de chemin\u00e9e aux armes de la LORRAINE 17\u00e9me si\u00e8cle.&lt;br \/&gt;\n(c) Deschamps Mat\u00e9riaux Anciens&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/417421-1.jpg?fit=224%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/417421-1.jpg?fit=665%2C890&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-large wp-image-9952\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/417421-1-765x1024.jpg?resize=665%2C890\" alt=\"\" width=\"665\" height=\"890\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/417421-1.jpg?resize=765%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 765w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/417421-1.jpg?resize=224%2C300&amp;ssl=1 224w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/417421-1.jpg?resize=768%2C1029&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/417421-1.jpg?resize=134%2C180&amp;ssl=1 134w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/417421-1.jpg?w=896&amp;ssl=1 896w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 665px) 100vw, 665px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9952\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Taque de chemin\u00e9e aux armes de la LORRAINE 17\u00e9me si\u00e8cle.<br \/>(c) Deschamps Mat\u00e9riaux Anciens, Proantic<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Une ing\u00e9nieuse disposition en avait alors consid\u00e9rablement augment\u00e9 l\u2019utilit\u00e9 : lorsque la chemin\u00e9e \u00e9tait adoss\u00e9e \u00e0 un mur s\u00e9parant deux pi\u00e8ces, on pratiquait au fond une ouverture rectangulaire que la taque,<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>une\u00a0plaque de fonte qui fermait exactement, de telle sorte que son revers libre atti\u00e9dissait par rayonnement la pi\u00e8ce d\u00e9pourvue de chemin\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>C\u2019est au 17\u00e8me si\u00e8cle que cette mani\u00e8re de faire se r\u00e9pandit ; elle connut un tr\u00e8s grand succ\u00e8s et fut en particulier adopt\u00e9e de fa\u00e7on \u00e0 peu pr\u00e8s syst\u00e9matique \u00e0 la campagne o\u00f9, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019unique foyer de la cuisine, la chambre de devant n\u2019\u00e9tait jamais froide.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9953\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9953\" style=\"width: 665px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/375265-1.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9953\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/taques-plaques-de-cheminees\/375265-1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/375265-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C900&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1200,900\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;3.8&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;DMC-TZ7&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1519316935&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;7.9&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;320&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.033333333333333&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Plaque de chemin\u00e9e, XVIII\u00e8me,repr\u00e9sentant une sc\u00e8ne mythologique. (c) Galerie des Minimes\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt; Plaque de chemin\u00e9e, XVIII\u00e8me,repr\u00e9sentant une sc\u00e8ne mythologique.&lt;br \/&gt;\n(c) Galerie des Minimes&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/375265-1.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/375265-1.jpg?fit=665%2C499&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-large wp-image-9953\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/375265-1-1024x768.jpg?resize=665%2C499\" alt=\"\" width=\"665\" height=\"499\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/375265-1.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/375265-1.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/375265-1.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/375265-1.jpg?resize=180%2C135&amp;ssl=1 180w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/375265-1.jpg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 665px) 100vw, 665px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9953\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plaque de chemin\u00e9e, XVIII\u00e8me,repr\u00e9sentant une sc\u00e8ne mythologique.<br \/>(c) Galerie des Minimes, Proantic<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Le d\u00e9cret du 18 vend\u00e9miaire de l&rsquo;an II\u00a0de la R\u00e9publique (9 octobre 1793) a ordonn\u00e9 aux propri\u00e9taires \u00ab\u00a0des parcs, jardins et \u00e9difices qui porteront encore soit dans leur cl\u00f4ture, soit dans leur b\u00e2tisse, des signes de royaut\u00e9, tels que fleurs-de-lys et autres\u00a0\u00bb de les faire enlever \u00ab\u00a0dans les huit jours apr\u00e8s la publication du pr\u00e9sent d\u00e9cret\u00a0\u00bb. La Convention nationale d\u00e9cr\u00e8te trois jours plus tard (le 21 vend\u00e9miaire) que \u00ab\u00a0dans un d\u00e9lai d\u2019un mois les propri\u00e9taires de maisons seront tenus de faire retourner toutes les plaques de chemin\u00e9es ou contre-feux qui porteront des signes de f\u00e9odalit\u00e9 ou l\u2019ancien \u00e9cu de France [\u2026] le tout provisoirement, et jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ce qu\u2019il ait \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tabli des fonderies suffisantes dans toute l\u2019\u00e9tendue de la R\u00e9publique\u00a0\u00bb<sup id=\"cite_ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9954\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9954\" style=\"width: 665px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/314132-1.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9954\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/taques-plaques-de-cheminees\/314132-1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/314132-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C900&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1200,900\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;3.7&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;DMC-TZ7&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1490365605&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;6.9&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;100&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.033333333333333&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Plaque de chemin\u00e9e fondue au XVII\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, d\u2019\u00e9poque Louis XIV. En vente sur Proantic, (c) Claude Augustin\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Plaque de chemin\u00e9e fondue au XVII\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, d\u2019\u00e9poque Louis XIV.&lt;br \/&gt;\nEn vente sur Proantic, (c) Claude Augustin&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/314132-1.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/314132-1.jpg?fit=665%2C499&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-large wp-image-9954\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/314132-1-1024x768.jpg?resize=665%2C499\" alt=\"\" width=\"665\" height=\"499\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/314132-1.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/314132-1.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/314132-1.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/314132-1.jpg?resize=180%2C135&amp;ssl=1 180w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/314132-1.jpg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 665px) 100vw, 665px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9954\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plaque de chemin\u00e9e fondue au XVII\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, d\u2019\u00e9poque Louis XIV.<br \/>En vente sur Proantic, (c) Claude Augustin, proantic<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>La\u00a0R\u00e9volution fran\u00e7aise\u00a0est ainsi \u00e0 l&rsquo;origine du bris ou de la disparition de beaucoup de ces plaques et il faut attendre la deuxi\u00e8me moiti\u00e9 du XIX\u00e8me\u00a0si\u00e8cle pour retrouver des \u0153uvres de grande qualit\u00e9. Elles pr\u00e9sentent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement un ou des motifs en relief (croix, \u00e9toiles, fleurs de lys), et assez souvent les\u00a0armoiries\u00a0du propri\u00e9taire du lieu et la date de sa r\u00e9alisation.<\/p>\n<p>Il est parfois difficile de dater les plaques par leur style car les moules peuvent servir \u00e0 fabriquer ces contrec\u0153urs pendant de nombreuses ann\u00e9es (il existe encore au XIX\u00e8me des moules ayant de plus de deux cents ans). Les plaques sont donc plut\u00f4t dat\u00e9es par une date, une d\u00e9dicace<sup id=\"cite_ref-8\" class=\"reference\"><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9955\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9955\" style=\"width: 665px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/376696-1.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9955\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/taques-plaques-de-cheminees\/376696-1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/376696-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C1046&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1200,1046\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Taque de chemin\u00e9e, XIX\u00e8me. (c) Galerie des Minimes\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Taque de chemin\u00e9e, XIX\u00e8me.&lt;br \/&gt;\n(c) Galerie des Minimes&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/376696-1.jpg?fit=300%2C262&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/376696-1.jpg?fit=665%2C580&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-large wp-image-9955\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/376696-1-1024x893.jpg?resize=665%2C580\" alt=\"\" width=\"665\" height=\"580\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/376696-1.jpg?resize=1024%2C893&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/376696-1.jpg?resize=300%2C262&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/376696-1.jpg?resize=768%2C669&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/376696-1.jpg?resize=180%2C157&amp;ssl=1 180w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/376696-1.jpg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 665px) 100vw, 665px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9955\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Taque de chemin\u00e9e, XIX\u00e8me.<br \/>(c) Galerie des Minimes, Proantic<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>La fabrication<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Les plaques \u00e9taient obtenues de la mani\u00e8re suivante :<\/p>\n<p>Leur ornementation \u00e9tait sculpt\u00e9e en relief sur une plaque de bois, ce relief \u00e9tait estamp\u00e9 sur du sable humide ; la fonte en fusion \u00e9tait coul\u00e9e dans ce \u00ab moule de sable \u00bb.<br \/>\nPlus anciennement on estampait les figures s\u00e9par\u00e9ment sur le sable, on groupait d\u2019une mani\u00e8re convenable ces \u00e9l\u00e9ments pour obtenir l\u2019ornementation d\u2019une plaque ; ensuite les figures \u00e9taient reproduite sur le m\u00eame panneau, \u00e0 l\u2019exception des bordures, des inscriptions et des dates, qui \u00e9taient estamp\u00e9es isol\u00e9ment.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9956\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9956\" style=\"width: 658px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/382580-1.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9956\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/taques-plaques-de-cheminees\/382580-1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/382580-1.jpg?fit=858%2C643&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"858,643\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Plaque de chemin\u00e9e en fonte d\u2019\u00e9poque Louis XVI. (c)  Antiquit\u00e9s Haye\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt; Plaque de chemin\u00e9e en fonte d\u2019\u00e9poque Louis XVI.&lt;br \/&gt;\n(c)  Antiquit\u00e9s Haye&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/382580-1.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/382580-1.jpg?fit=665%2C498&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-9956\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/382580-1.jpg?resize=658%2C493\" alt=\"\" width=\"658\" height=\"493\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/382580-1.jpg?w=858&amp;ssl=1 858w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/382580-1.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/382580-1.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/382580-1.jpg?resize=180%2C135&amp;ssl=1 180w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 658px) 100vw, 658px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9956\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plaque de chemin\u00e9e en fonte d\u2019\u00e9poque Louis XVI.<br \/> (c) Antiquit\u00e9s Haye, Proantic<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Classification des\u00a0 plaques<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1\/\u00a0 sujet historique ou taques armori\u00e9es<br \/>\n2\/ sujet religieux (Adam et Eve\u2026)<br \/>\n3\/ sujet mythologique (Bacchus, Orph\u00e9e\u2026)<br \/>\n4\/\u00a0 sujet all\u00e9gorique<br \/>\n5\/ sujet d\u00e9coratif (Le chasseur, les fables de la<br \/>\nFontaine\u2026)<br \/>\n6\/\u00a0 sujet militaire (Zouaves\u2026)<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9957\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9957\" style=\"width: 665px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/319115-1.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9957\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/taques-plaques-de-cheminees\/319115-1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/319115-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C900&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1200,900\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;3.7&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;DMC-TZ7&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1490357061&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;6.9&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;80&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.02&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Plaque de chemin\u00e9e datant du XVIII\u00e8me si\u00e8cle. (c) Claude Augustin, Proantic\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Plaque de chemin\u00e9e datant du XVIII\u00e8me si\u00e8cle.&lt;br \/&gt;\n(c) Claude Augustin, Proantic&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/319115-1.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/319115-1.jpg?fit=665%2C499&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-large wp-image-9957\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/319115-1-1024x768.jpg?resize=665%2C499\" alt=\"\" width=\"665\" height=\"499\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/319115-1.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/319115-1.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/319115-1.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/319115-1.jpg?resize=180%2C135&amp;ssl=1 180w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/319115-1.jpg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 665px) 100vw, 665px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9957\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plaque de chemin\u00e9e datant du XVIII\u00e8me si\u00e8cle.<br \/>(c) Claude Augustin, Proantic<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">En savoir plus:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Mus\u00e9e de la princerie<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.musee-princerie-verdun.fr\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bien longtemps avant qu\u2019on ait utilis\u00e9 les po\u00eales, on avait cependant am\u00e9lior\u00e9 le chauffage des maisons gr\u00e2ce aux plaques et aux taques de chemin\u00e9e, \u00a0plaque de\u00a0fonte\u00a0(plus rarement en cuivre, en pierre et en bronze) qui garnit le\u00a0contrec\u0153ur\u00a0d&rsquo;une\u00a0chemin\u00e9e. Jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fin du moyen-\u00e2ge, le fond des chemin\u00e9es, ou contrec\u0153ur, \u00e9tait simplement garni de briques. C\u2019est aux [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":9958,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[180],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9944","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arts-decoratifs-proantic"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - 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