{"id":7945,"date":"2017-12-10T10:32:57","date_gmt":"2017-12-10T09:32:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/?p=7945"},"modified":"2017-12-10T10:36:17","modified_gmt":"2017-12-10T09:36:17","slug":"verre-moyen-age-inventif","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/","title":{"rendered":"Le verre, un Moyen-\u00c2ge inventif"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Vitraux, gobelets, verres \u00e0 tige, \u00abampoules\u00bb, perles ou plaques \u00e9maill\u00e9es, verres d\u2019optique, les hommes du Moyen \u00c2ge entretiennent avec le verre un rapport de r\u00e9elle fascination. Tout au long de la p\u00e9riode, la production de verre s\u2019enrichit de techniques de mieux en mieux ma\u00eetris\u00e9es, de formes innovantes et d\u2019usages plus vari\u00e9s. Donner \u00e0 voir et \u00e0 comprendre ce foisonnement cr\u00e9atif et technique, tel est l\u2019objet de l\u2019exposition \u00abLe Verre, un Moyen \u00c2ge inventif\u00bb organis\u00e9e au mus\u00e9e de Cluny, mus\u00e9e national du Moyen \u00c2ge du 20 septembre 2017 au 8 janvier 2018.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/9ca85cae9e.jpg\" data-lightbox=\"gal[7945]\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"7969\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/9ca85cae9e\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/9ca85cae9e.jpg?fit=720%2C540&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"720,540\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Le verre, un Moyen-\u00c2ge inventif\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/9ca85cae9e.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/9ca85cae9e.jpg?fit=665%2C499&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7969\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/9ca85cae9e.jpg?resize=600%2C450\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/9ca85cae9e.jpg?w=720&amp;ssl=1 720w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/9ca85cae9e.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/9ca85cae9e.jpg?resize=180%2C135&amp;ssl=1 180w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Ambassadeurs de la production verri\u00e8re m\u00e9di\u00e9vale, plusieurs chefs d\u2019\u0153uvre du vitrail accueillent le visiteur \u00e0 l\u2019entr\u00e9e de l\u2019exposition. Art du luxe n\u00e9 de la cr\u00e9ativit\u00e9 des verriers m\u00e9rovingiens vers le 5e si\u00e8cle, le vitrail gagne ses lettres de noblesse avec l\u2019av\u00e8nement de l\u2019architecture gothique, comme en t\u00e9moignent d\u2019importants exemples provenant de l\u2019abbaye de Saint-Denis ou de la Sainte-Chapelle. Rendu transparent, le vitrage p\u00e9n\u00e8tre dans les demeures civiles les plus prestigieuses \u00e0 la fin de la p\u00e9riode.<\/p>\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"665\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/uslvKndDfqU?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=fr-FR&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<p>Produit de luxe ou de semi-luxe, le verre prend progressivement place sur les plus grandes tables mais aussi, curieusement, dans les tavernes. Maintenue dans les premiers si\u00e8cles du Moyen \u00c2ge, sa fabrication est r\u00e9invent\u00e9e par les Carolingiens. Ils mettent au point les premiers verres \u00abde foug\u00e8re\u00bb, reconnaissables entre tous au coloris vert que leur donnent les cendres v\u00e9g\u00e9tales.<br \/>\nEn comparaison, la \u00abblancheur\u00bb et le raffinement des productions islamiques \u00e9blouissent les Occidentaux. Au d\u00e9but du 14e<br \/>\nsi\u00e8cle, la virtuosit\u00e9 et la minutie des Italiens puis des Proven\u00e7aux commencent \u00e0 rivaliser avec les importations venues d\u2019Orient. Les artisans cr\u00e9ent d\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9gants verres \u00e0 d\u00e9cors de filets bleus. Les V\u00e9nitiens sont reconnus pour leurs gobelets \u00e9maill\u00e9s tandis que, dans le nord de la France, les premiers verres \u00e0 tige font leur apparition.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/les-joueurs-d-echecs-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg\" data-lightbox=\"gal[7945]\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"7971\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/les-joueurs-d-echecs-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/les-joueurs-d-echecs-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?fit=1600%2C1567&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1600,1567\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Le verre, un Moyen-\u00c2ge inventif\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/les-joueurs-d-echecs-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?fit=300%2C294&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/les-joueurs-d-echecs-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?fit=665%2C651&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7971\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/les-joueurs-d-echecs-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0-1024x1003.jpg?resize=600%2C588\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"588\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/les-joueurs-d-echecs-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?resize=1024%2C1003&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/les-joueurs-d-echecs-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?resize=300%2C294&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/les-joueurs-d-echecs-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?resize=768%2C752&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/les-joueurs-d-echecs-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?resize=180%2C176&amp;ssl=1 180w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/les-joueurs-d-echecs-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?w=1600&amp;ssl=1 1600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/les-joueurs-d-echecs-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?w=1330&amp;ssl=1 1330w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Le verre se d\u00e9cline dans des usages sacr\u00e9s et savants. Parce que l\u2019urologie est l\u2019un des rares moyens de poser un diagnostic au Moyen \u00c2ge, l\u2019urinal de verre devient le symbole du m\u00e9decin. Avec les progr\u00e8s de la distillerie, quelques alambics et autres contenants orientent le verre vers la science des apothicaires. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ceux de la recherche sur l\u2019optique apparaissent, \u00e0 la fin du 13e si\u00e8cle, les premi\u00e8res lunettes constitu\u00e9es de deux lentilles convexes fix\u00e9es sur un pince-nez et dites \u00abclouantes\u00bb.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7974\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7974\" style=\"width: 665px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/lunettes-dites-de-middleburg-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"7974\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/lunettes-dites-de-middleburg-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/lunettes-dites-de-middleburg-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?fit=1600%2C1067&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1600,1067\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Le verre, un Moyen-\u00c2ge inventif\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;lunettes dites de middleburg, 15e-siecle-&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/lunettes-dites-de-middleburg-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?fit=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/lunettes-dites-de-middleburg-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?fit=665%2C444&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-large wp-image-7974\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/lunettes-dites-de-middleburg-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0-1024x683.jpg?resize=665%2C444\" alt=\"\" width=\"665\" height=\"444\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/lunettes-dites-de-middleburg-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?resize=1024%2C683&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/lunettes-dites-de-middleburg-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/lunettes-dites-de-middleburg-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/lunettes-dites-de-middleburg-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?resize=180%2C120&amp;ssl=1 180w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/lunettes-dites-de-middleburg-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?w=1600&amp;ssl=1 1600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/lunettes-dites-de-middleburg-15e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?w=1330&amp;ssl=1 1330w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 665px) 100vw, 665px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7974\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">lunettes dites de middleburg, 15e-siecle-<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Les miroirs en verre, jusqu\u2019alors miniatures et utilis\u00e9s pour aider \u00e0 la lecture, prennent de l\u2019ampleur.\u00a0 L\u2019exposition pr\u00e9sente ainsi l\u2019unique exemplaire conserv\u00e9 de miroir parabolique, dit \u00ab\u00e0 bosse\u00bb, pr\u00eat\u00e9 par le mus\u00e9e historique de Vevey (Suisse).<br \/>\nObjets de fascination, supports d\u2019innovation, quelque 150 \u0153uvres en verre sont r\u00e9unies dans le frigidarium des thermes de Cluny pour faire d\u00e9couvrir l\u2019excellence de la production m\u00e9di\u00e9vale. Elles sont plac\u00e9es en regard d\u2019enluminures, peintures et gravures qui en attestent les usages tout au long du Moyen \u00c2ge. Au total ce sont 230 \u0153uvres exceptionnelles qui sont pr\u00e9sent\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7972\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7972\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/4238a3d0be1428c3382394af52382ccf.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"7972\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/4238a3d0be1428c3382394af52382ccf\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/4238a3d0be1428c3382394af52382ccf.jpg?fit=600%2C903&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"600,903\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Le verre, un Moyen-\u00c2ge inventif\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;\u00a9 Muse\u0301e des Beaux-Arts de Chartres&lt;br \/&gt;\nHanap dit \u00ab\u00a0Verre de Charlemagne\u00a0\u00bb, XIIIe et XIVe sie\u0300cle, verre et me\u0301tal argent\u00e9.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/4238a3d0be1428c3382394af52382ccf.jpg?fit=199%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/4238a3d0be1428c3382394af52382ccf.jpg?fit=600%2C903&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-7972\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/4238a3d0be1428c3382394af52382ccf.jpg?resize=500%2C753\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"753\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/4238a3d0be1428c3382394af52382ccf.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/4238a3d0be1428c3382394af52382ccf.jpg?resize=199%2C300&amp;ssl=1 199w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/4238a3d0be1428c3382394af52382ccf.jpg?resize=120%2C180&amp;ssl=1 120w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7972\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00a9 Muse\u0301e des Beaux-Arts de Chartres<br \/> Hanap dit \u00ab\u00a0Verre de Charlemagne\u00a0\u00bb, XIIIe et XIVe sie\u0300cle, verre et me\u0301tal argent\u00e9.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>L\u2019exposition \u00abLe Verre, un Moyen \u00c2ge inventif\u00bb est organis\u00e9e en partenariat avec la R\u00e9union des mus\u00e9es nationaux &#8211; Grand Palais et a \u00e9t\u00e9 rendue possible gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des pr\u00eats d\u2019institutions internationales telles que le Victoria and Albert Museum de Londres (Angleterre), l\u2019Historisches Museum de Ratisbonne (Allemagne), le service arch\u00e9ologique de Z\u00e9lande (Pays-Bas), les mus\u00e9es royaux d\u2019art et d\u2019histoire de Bruxelles, le mus\u00e9e su\u00e9dois d\u2019histoire de Stockholm, le Museum Markiezenhof de Berg-op-zoom (Pays-Bas) ou le mus\u00e9e de Tarquinia (Italie). De nombreuses pi\u00e8ces de mus\u00e9es fran\u00e7ais comme ceux de Lille, Metz, Strasbourg, Caen, Avignon ou Angers dialoguent \u00e9galement avec les \u0153uvres du mus\u00e9e de Cluny.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7973\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7973\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/7d2c8303dd12ff5fa138a6c97093ba12.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"7973\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/7d2c8303dd12ff5fa138a6c97093ba12\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/7d2c8303dd12ff5fa138a6c97093ba12.jpg?fit=600%2C738&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"600,738\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Le verre, un Moyen-\u00c2ge inventif\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;\u00a9 Rmn-Grand Palais (muse\u0301e de Cluny\u2013muse\u0301e national du Moyen-Age) \/ Michel Urtado&lt;br \/&gt;\nTableau-reliquaire, XIVe sie\u0300cle Argent dore\u0301, e\u0301maux translucides et opaques sur basse-taille, gemmes, verre color\u00e9.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/7d2c8303dd12ff5fa138a6c97093ba12.jpg?fit=244%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/7d2c8303dd12ff5fa138a6c97093ba12.jpg?fit=600%2C738&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-7973\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/7d2c8303dd12ff5fa138a6c97093ba12.jpg?resize=500%2C615\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"615\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/7d2c8303dd12ff5fa138a6c97093ba12.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/7d2c8303dd12ff5fa138a6c97093ba12.jpg?resize=244%2C300&amp;ssl=1 244w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/7d2c8303dd12ff5fa138a6c97093ba12.jpg?resize=146%2C180&amp;ssl=1 146w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7973\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00a9 Rmn-Grand Palais (muse\u0301e de Cluny\u2013muse\u0301e national du Moyen-Age) \/ Michel Urtado<br \/> Tableau-reliquaire, XIVe sie\u0300cle Argent dore\u0301, e\u0301maux translucides et opaques sur basse-taille, gemmes, verre color\u00e9.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>PARCOURS<\/p>\n<p><strong>Le verre d&rsquo;architecture<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Le verre d\u2019architecture se d\u00e9cline principalement sous la forme de vitrail ou de vitrage. Reconnu comme \u00ab la plus belle invention du Moyen \u00c2ge \u00bb, le vitrail se compose de morceaux de verre, assembl\u00e9s au plomb, et le plus souvent peints. Cinq si\u00e8cles ont \u00e9t\u00e9<br \/>\nn\u00e9cessaires pour sa mise au point (Ve \u2013 Xe si\u00e8cles) et cinq si\u00e8cles pour sa d\u00e9clinaison. Aux XIIe et XIIIe si\u00e8cles, les verri\u00e8res fran\u00e7aises affichent une dominante bleue et rouge, parti que refusent les aust\u00e8res Cisterciens. Le XIVe si\u00e8cle est un temps d\u2019\u00e9claircissement, le XVe si\u00e8cle, celui de la red\u00e9couverte des couleurs.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/ob_782401_20170919-092505.jpg\" data-lightbox=\"gal[7945]\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"7970\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/ob_782401_20170919-092505\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/ob_782401_20170919-092505.jpg?fit=1600%2C1200&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1600,1200\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Le verre, un Moyen-\u00c2ge inventif\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/ob_782401_20170919-092505.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/ob_782401_20170919-092505.jpg?fit=665%2C499&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7970\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/ob_782401_20170919-092505-1024x768.jpg?resize=600%2C450\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/ob_782401_20170919-092505.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/ob_782401_20170919-092505.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/ob_782401_20170919-092505.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/ob_782401_20170919-092505.jpg?resize=180%2C135&amp;ssl=1 180w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/ob_782401_20170919-092505.jpg?w=1600&amp;ssl=1 1600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/ob_782401_20170919-092505.jpg?w=1330&amp;ssl=1 1330w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\nDans les demeures, le vitrage ne p\u00e9n\u00e8tre que tardivement (XIVe si\u00e8cle) et faiblement. Il reste cantonn\u00e9 au niveau sup\u00e9rieur des fen\u00eatres, dit imposte. S\u2019il est toujours maintenu par un r\u00e9seau de plomb, il devient incolore.<br \/>\nLe verre trouve enfin un usage sous forme de d\u00e9cor d\u2019incrustations, \u00e0 la mani\u00e8re des luxueux exemples byzantins. Cet art attach\u00e9 \u00e0 la mise en valeur de l\u2019architecture et de son mobilier repose sur la combinaison de petits \u00e9l\u00e9ments de verre chatoyants qui fait \u00abbriller \u00bb les parois.<br \/>\nPour les hommes du Moyen \u00c2ge, cr\u00e9er un miroitement des surfaces ou filtrer la lumi\u00e8re \u00e0 travers le verre, n\u2019a d\u2019autre objectif que de rendre gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 Dieu.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7975\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7975\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/corne-a-boire-6e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"7975\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/corne-a-boire-6e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/corne-a-boire-6e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?fit=1600%2C1119&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1600,1119\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Le verre, un Moyen-\u00c2ge inventif\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;corne \u00e0 boire. 6\u00e8me si\u00e8cle.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/corne-a-boire-6e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?fit=300%2C210&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/corne-a-boire-6e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?fit=665%2C465&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-7975\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/corne-a-boire-6e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0-1024x716.jpg?resize=600%2C420\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/corne-a-boire-6e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?resize=1024%2C716&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/corne-a-boire-6e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?resize=300%2C210&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/corne-a-boire-6e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?resize=768%2C537&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/corne-a-boire-6e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?resize=180%2C126&amp;ssl=1 180w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/corne-a-boire-6e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?w=1600&amp;ssl=1 1600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/corne-a-boire-6e-siecle-exposition-le-verre-un-moyen-age-inventif-au-musee-de-cluny-1600x0.jpg?w=1330&amp;ssl=1 1330w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7975\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">corne \u00e0 boire. 6\u00e8me si\u00e8cle.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Le verre creux et ses usages<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>H\u00e9ritier de l\u2019Empire romain, le r\u00e9pertoire des formes creuses m\u00e9rovingiennes et carolingiennes (VIe \u2013 Xe si\u00e8cles), tend \u00e0 l\u2019appauvrissement. Au XIIIe si\u00e8cle, alors que les ampoules au long col et les verres en forme de calice constituent le gros de la production chr\u00e9tienne, le Proche-Orient se distingue par la qualit\u00e9 de ses d\u00e9cors \u00e9maill\u00e9s et dor\u00e9s.<br \/>\nStimul\u00e9s, les verriers occidentaux entrent \u00e0 la fin du XIIIe et durant le XIVe si\u00e8cle dans une p\u00e9riode de grand dynamisme ; \u00e0 leur tour, ils fa\u00e7onnent des verres \u00e0 filets bleus (Italie, Provence), des gobelets \u00e9maill\u00e9s et dor\u00e9s (Venise), des coupes \u00e0 tige (France du Nord). Le XVe si\u00e8cle, quant \u00e0 lui, assure la fortune du gobelet.<br \/>\nEn vertu de croyances prophylactiques, le verre est longtemps introduit dans les tombes. Traduction de la lumi\u00e8re divine, il sert l\u2019expression du sacr\u00e9 (reliquaires, calices, lampes).<br \/>\nAu cours du XIVe si\u00e8cle, le verre participe au luxe des tables des princes et des hauts pr\u00e9lats. Acquis \u00e0 la pi\u00e8ce, parfois objet de collection, il devient le symbole de l\u2019\u00e9rudit ou du bourgeois. Associ\u00e9 au vin, il accompagne sa consommation dans les tavernes ou lors de festins communautaires.<br \/>\nAvec la m\u00e9decine (urinaux), la distillation (alambics, fioles), la di\u00e9t\u00e9tique, de nouveaux d\u00e9bouch\u00e9s lui sont ouverts.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Le verre pr\u00e9cieux et de pr\u00e9cision<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dans la cat\u00e9gorie des verres pr\u00e9cieux, l\u2019\u00e9mail tient une place essentielle. La poudre de verre comble les alv\u00e9oles creus\u00e9es dans des plaques de cuivre (technique du champlev\u00e9) ou am\u00e9nag\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019aide de cloisons rapport\u00e9es (proc\u00e9d\u00e9 du cloisonn\u00e9). Si le verre est rendu opaque aux XIIe \u2013 XIIIe si\u00e8cles par l\u2019ajout d\u2019opacifiants, sa translucidit\u00e9 est remise \u00e0 l\u2019honneur au XVe<br \/>\nsi\u00e8cle. Vers 1500, finement moulu, il est appliqu\u00e9 au pinceau.<br \/>\nLe prestige du verre est grand. Dans les plus importantes commandes d\u2019orf\u00e8vrerie ou de textile, il est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gal des pierres pr\u00e9cieuses. Dans le nord de l\u2019Italie, associ\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019or et \u00e0 la gravure, il forme des petits tableaux de verre dor\u00e9 dits \u00ab \u00e9glomis\u00e9s \u00bb.<br \/>\nDe leur c\u00f4t\u00e9, les verres de pr\u00e9cision doivent beaucoup aux recherches men\u00e9es au XIIIe si\u00e8cle par l\u2019\u00e9cole franciscaine d\u2019Oxford. Connaisseurs des travaux grecs et arabes, Roger Grosseteste et Roger Bacon y exp\u00e9rimentent les qualit\u00e9s grossissantes du verre convexe. Alors que l\u2019Antiquit\u00e9 conna\u00eet les \u00abpierres \u00e0 lire \u00bb (quartz semi-convexes), les hommes du Moyen \u00c2ge se servent de miroirs de poche pour \u00abgrossir les lettres \u00bb. Ils imaginent \u00e9galement des loupes dot\u00e9es d\u2019un manche, puis des lentilles port\u00e9es au plus pr\u00e8s des yeux (monocles, binocles). A la fin du XIIIe si\u00e8cle, ils \u00ab inventent \u00bb les lunettes de presbytie, dites<br \/>\n\u00ab clouantes \u00bb ou \u00abb\u00e9ricles), parce que taill\u00e9es dans du cristal de roche (appel\u00e9 b\u00e9ryl). Sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s aussi bien dans les verres de lunettes que dans les miroirs \u00ab \u00e0 bosse \u00bb ou \u00ab en bosse \u00bb, les verriers allemands remportent un succ\u00e8s croissant.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">En savoir plus:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>l\u2019exposition \u00abLe Verre, un Moyen \u00c2ge inventif\u00bb organis\u00e9e au mus\u00e9e de Cluny, mus\u00e9e<br \/>\nnational du Moyen \u00c2ge du 20 septembre 2017 au 8 janvier 2018.<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.musee-moyenage.fr<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vitraux, gobelets, verres \u00e0 tige, \u00abampoules\u00bb, perles ou plaques \u00e9maill\u00e9es, verres d\u2019optique, les hommes du Moyen \u00c2ge entretiennent avec le verre un rapport de r\u00e9elle fascination. Tout au long de la p\u00e9riode, la production de verre s\u2019enrichit de techniques de mieux en mieux ma\u00eetris\u00e9es, de formes innovantes et d\u2019usages plus vari\u00e9s. Donner \u00e0 voir et [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":7968,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7945","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-expositions"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Le verre, un Moyen-\u00c2ge inventif Le Magazine de Proantic<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Vitraux, gobelets, verres \u00e0 tige, \u00abampoules\u00bb, perles ou plaques \u00e9maill\u00e9es, verres d\u2019optique, les hommes du Moyen \u00c2ge entretiennent avec le verre un\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le verre, un Moyen-\u00c2ge inventif Le Magazine de Proantic\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Vitraux, gobelets, verres \u00e0 tige, \u00abampoules\u00bb, perles ou plaques \u00e9maill\u00e9es, verres d\u2019optique, les hommes du Moyen \u00c2ge entretiennent avec le verre un\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Le Magazine de Proantic\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pages\/Proantic\/\/259180871793\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-12-10T09:32:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-12-10T09:36:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/csm_vignette_verres_48c589080f.jpg?fit=600%2C472&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"472\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"C\u00e9line Autant\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"C\u00e9line Autant\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"C\u00e9line Autant\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/#\/schema\/person\/ea27bb2c22f518815cb722f55c3f3661\"},\"headline\":\"Le verre, un Moyen-\u00c2ge inventif\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-12-10T09:32:57+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-12-10T09:36:17+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/\"},\"wordCount\":1549,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/csm_vignette_verres_48c589080f.jpg?fit=600%2C472&ssl=1\",\"articleSection\":[\"Expositions\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/\",\"name\":\"Le verre, un Moyen-\u00c2ge inventif Le Magazine de Proantic\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/csm_vignette_verres_48c589080f.jpg?fit=600%2C472&ssl=1\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-12-10T09:32:57+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-12-10T09:36:17+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/#\/schema\/person\/ea27bb2c22f518815cb722f55c3f3661\"},\"description\":\"Vitraux, gobelets, verres \u00e0 tige, \u00abampoules\u00bb, perles ou plaques \u00e9maill\u00e9es, verres d\u2019optique, les hommes du Moyen \u00c2ge entretiennent avec le verre un\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/csm_vignette_verres_48c589080f.jpg?fit=600%2C472&ssl=1\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/csm_vignette_verres_48c589080f.jpg?fit=600%2C472&ssl=1\",\"width\":600,\"height\":472},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Le verre, un Moyen-\u00c2ge inventif\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/\",\"name\":\"Le Magazine de Proantic\",\"description\":\"Magazine d&#039;art et expositions\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/#\/schema\/person\/ea27bb2c22f518815cb722f55c3f3661\",\"name\":\"C\u00e9line Autant\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Le verre, un Moyen-\u00c2ge inventif Le Magazine de Proantic","description":"Vitraux, gobelets, verres \u00e0 tige, \u00abampoules\u00bb, perles ou plaques \u00e9maill\u00e9es, verres d\u2019optique, les hommes du Moyen \u00c2ge entretiennent avec le verre un","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Le verre, un Moyen-\u00c2ge inventif Le Magazine de Proantic","og_description":"Vitraux, gobelets, verres \u00e0 tige, \u00abampoules\u00bb, perles ou plaques \u00e9maill\u00e9es, verres d\u2019optique, les hommes du Moyen \u00c2ge entretiennent avec le verre un","og_url":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/","og_site_name":"Le Magazine de Proantic","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pages\/Proantic\/\/259180871793","article_published_time":"2017-12-10T09:32:57+00:00","article_modified_time":"2017-12-10T09:36:17+00:00","og_image":[{"width":600,"height":472,"url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/csm_vignette_verres_48c589080f.jpg?fit=600%2C472&ssl=1","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"C\u00e9line Autant","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"C\u00e9line Autant","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"8 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/"},"author":{"name":"C\u00e9line Autant","@id":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/#\/schema\/person\/ea27bb2c22f518815cb722f55c3f3661"},"headline":"Le verre, un Moyen-\u00c2ge inventif","datePublished":"2017-12-10T09:32:57+00:00","dateModified":"2017-12-10T09:36:17+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/"},"wordCount":1549,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/csm_vignette_verres_48c589080f.jpg?fit=600%2C472&ssl=1","articleSection":["Expositions"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/","url":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/","name":"Le verre, un Moyen-\u00c2ge inventif Le Magazine de Proantic","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/csm_vignette_verres_48c589080f.jpg?fit=600%2C472&ssl=1","datePublished":"2017-12-10T09:32:57+00:00","dateModified":"2017-12-10T09:36:17+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/#\/schema\/person\/ea27bb2c22f518815cb722f55c3f3661"},"description":"Vitraux, gobelets, verres \u00e0 tige, \u00abampoules\u00bb, perles ou plaques \u00e9maill\u00e9es, verres d\u2019optique, les hommes du Moyen \u00c2ge entretiennent avec le verre un","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/csm_vignette_verres_48c589080f.jpg?fit=600%2C472&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/csm_vignette_verres_48c589080f.jpg?fit=600%2C472&ssl=1","width":600,"height":472},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/verre-moyen-age-inventif\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Le verre, un Moyen-\u00c2ge inventif"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/","name":"Le Magazine de Proantic","description":"Magazine d&#039;art et expositions","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/#\/schema\/person\/ea27bb2c22f518815cb722f55c3f3661","name":"C\u00e9line Autant"}]}},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/csm_vignette_verres_48c589080f.jpg?fit=600%2C472&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7EkP3-249","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7945","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7945"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7945\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7968"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7945"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7945"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7945"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}