{"id":5979,"date":"2016-12-10T16:14:33","date_gmt":"2016-12-10T15:14:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/?p=5979"},"modified":"2017-01-04T07:45:00","modified_gmt":"2017-01-04T06:45:00","slug":"technique-de-licone","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/technique-de-licone\/","title":{"rendered":"Technique de l&rsquo;ic\u00f4ne"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Les deux grandes techniques de la peinture\u00a0d&rsquo;ic\u00f4nes, toutes deux h\u00e9rit\u00e9es de l&rsquo;Antiquit\u00e9, sont l&rsquo;encaustique et la d\u00e9trempe.<\/strong> La premi\u00e8re, qui consiste \u00e0 m\u00e9langer les pigments color\u00e9s \u00e0 de la cire chauff\u00e9e, fut surtout utilis\u00e9e aux\u00a0<span class=\"pc\">VI<\/span><sup class=\"sup\">e<\/sup>\u00a0et\u00a0<span class=\"pc\">VII<\/span><sup class=\"sup\">e<\/sup>\u00a0si\u00e8cles. elles sont assez proches des peintures fun\u00e9raires d&rsquo;\u00c9gypte telles que nous les connaissons par les Portraits du Fayoum.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c0 partir du\u00a0<span class=\"pc\">VIII<\/span><sup class=\"sup\">e<\/sup>\u00a0si\u00e8cle, c&rsquo;est la d\u00e9trempe, qui utilise des couleurs d\u00e9lay\u00e9es dans de l&rsquo;eau additionn\u00e9e d&rsquo;\u0153uf, qui devient la technique habituelle de la peinture d&rsquo;ic\u00f4nes.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5995\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5995\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/208719-1.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"5995\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/technique-de-licone\/208719-1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/208719-1.jpg?fit=900%2C1200&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"900,1200\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Ic\u00f4ne de Saint Nicolas, dit \u00ab\u00a0le faiseur de miracles\u00a0\u00bb,  Mstera, 19e Si\u00e8cle\u00a0\u00bb.\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Ic\u00f4ne de Saint Nicolas, dit \u00ab\u00a0le faiseur de miracles\u00a0\u00bb,  Mstera, 19e Si\u00e8cle\u00a0\u00bb.&lt;br \/&gt;\n(c) galerie L&amp;rsquo;Ic\u00f4ne, Proantic.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/208719-1.jpg?fit=225%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/208719-1.jpg?fit=665%2C887&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-5995 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/208719-1-768x1024.jpg?resize=620%2C827\" alt=\"Ic\u00f4ne de Saint Nicolas, dit &quot;le faiseur de miracles&quot;, Mstera, 19e Si\u00e8cle&quot;. (c) galerie L'Ic\u00f4ne, Proantic.\" width=\"620\" height=\"827\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/208719-1.jpg?resize=768%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/208719-1.jpg?resize=225%2C300&amp;ssl=1 225w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/208719-1.jpg?resize=620%2C827&amp;ssl=1 620w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/208719-1.jpg?w=900&amp;ssl=1 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5995\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ic\u00f4ne de Saint Nicolas, dit \u00ab\u00a0le faiseur de miracles\u00a0\u00bb, Mstera, 19e Si\u00e8cle\u00a0\u00bb.<br \/> (c) galerie L&rsquo;Ic\u00f4ne, Proantic.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>L&rsquo;ic\u00f4ne est r\u00e9alis\u00e9e sur une planche de bois exempte de n\u0153ud,<em> la doska<\/em>.\u00a0Tous les bois peuvent th\u00e9oriquement \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s pour confectionner les planches, \u00e0 condition d&rsquo;\u00eatre bien secs. En cons\u00e9quence, durant des si\u00e8cles, l&rsquo;iconographe (g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement un moine) utilisa le bois qu&rsquo;il trouvait dans les environs. Le tilleul semble le plus ad\u00e9quat\u00a0: tr\u00e8s homog\u00e8ne et tendre, il fend peu. En outre, il se r\u00e9v\u00e8le facile \u00e0 travailler. Mais selon les r\u00e9gions des bois diff\u00e9rents sont utilis\u00e9s; dans les pays m\u00e9diterran\u00e9ens: le cypr\u00e9s, le platane, le ch\u00eane, le palmier. En Russie et dans les Balkans, le tilleul, le bouleau le ch\u00eane, le fr\u00eane; le h\u00eatre et au Nord le bois de sapin. La plupart du temps le bois est l\u00e9g\u00e8rement creus\u00e9 dans la partie qui recevra l&rsquo;image peinte.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5997\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5997\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/207212-1.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"5997\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/technique-de-licone\/207212-1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/207212-1.jpg?fit=900%2C1200&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"900,1200\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Ic\u00f4ne Saint Georges Terrassant Le Dragon. Gr\u00e8ce, dat\u00e9e 1855.\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Ic\u00f4ne Saint Georges Terrassant Le Dragon. Gr\u00e8ce, dat\u00e9e 1855.&lt;br \/&gt;\n(c) galerie L&amp;rsquo;Ic\u00f4ne, Proantic.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/207212-1.jpg?fit=225%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/207212-1.jpg?fit=665%2C887&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-5997 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/207212-1-768x1024.jpg?resize=620%2C827\" alt=\"Ic\u00f4ne Saint Georges Terrassant Le Dragon. Gr\u00e8ce, dat\u00e9e 1855. (c) galerie L'Ic\u00f4ne, Proantic.\" width=\"620\" height=\"827\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/207212-1.jpg?resize=768%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/207212-1.jpg?resize=225%2C300&amp;ssl=1 225w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/207212-1.jpg?resize=620%2C827&amp;ssl=1 620w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/207212-1.jpg?w=900&amp;ssl=1 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5997\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ic\u00f4ne Saint Georges Terrassant Le Dragon. Gr\u00e8ce, dat\u00e9e 1855.<br \/> (c) galerie L&rsquo;Ic\u00f4ne, Proantic.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Sur le fond, on \u00e9tend \u00e0 chaud de la colle de peau, puis une toile appel\u00e9e <em>pavoloka<\/em> dont la finesse d\u00e9pend de la richesse de l&rsquo;ic\u00f4ne.<\/p>\n<p>Cette toile est ensuite recouverte par plusieurs couches d&rsquo;un m\u00e9lange de colle et de poudre d&rsquo;alb\u00e2tre appel\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0<em>levkas<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb ou \u00ab\u00a0<strong>gesso<\/strong>\u00a0\u00bb qui, apr\u00e8s s\u00e9chage, est ponc\u00e9 pour obtenir une surface lisse et uniforme.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5994\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5994\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/210693-2.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"5994\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/technique-de-licone\/210693-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/210693-2.jpg?fit=1200%2C795&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1200,795\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Icone russe sur bois, XIX\u00e8me si\u00e8cle.\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Icone russe sur bois, XIX\u00e8me si\u00e8cle.&lt;br \/&gt;\n(c) Galleria d&amp;rsquo;Arte Antica La Conchiglia, Proantic.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/210693-2.jpg?fit=300%2C199&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/210693-2.jpg?fit=665%2C440&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-5994 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/210693-2-1024x678.jpg?resize=620%2C411\" alt=\"Icone russe sur bois, XIX\u00e8me si\u00e8cle. (c) Galleria d'Arte Antica La Conchiglia, Proantic.\" width=\"620\" height=\"411\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/210693-2.jpg?resize=1024%2C678&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/210693-2.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/210693-2.jpg?resize=768%2C509&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/210693-2.jpg?resize=620%2C411&amp;ssl=1 620w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/210693-2.jpg?resize=192%2C128&amp;ssl=1 192w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/210693-2.jpg?resize=940%2C623&amp;ssl=1 940w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/210693-2.jpg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5994\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Icone russe sur bois, XIX\u00e8me si\u00e8cle.<br \/> (c) Galleria d&rsquo;Arte Antica La Conchiglia, Proantic.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Sur la doska\u00a0pr\u00e9par\u00e9e, l&rsquo;iconographe reporte le dessin de l&rsquo;ic\u00f4ne en suivant scrupuleusement les indications fournies par les ma\u00eetres et en s&rsquo;aidant de mod\u00e8les existants. Les traits du dessin sont ensuite l\u00e9g\u00e8rement grav\u00e9s dans le levkas.<\/p>\n<p>On applique ensuite, sur un enduit rouge\u00e2tre, le fond or, avant que ne commence la peinture proprement dite.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5998\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5998\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/111141-1.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"5998\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/technique-de-licone\/111141-1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/111141-1.jpg?fit=899%2C1200&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"899,1200\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Icone de la Deesis avec le Christ, la Vierge et Saint Jean vers 1850- 70.\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Icone de la Deesis avec le Christ, la Vierge et Saint Jean vers 1850- 70.&lt;br \/&gt;\n(c) Galerie D&amp;rsquo;antiquit\u00e9s Martin Puch, Proantic.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/111141-1.jpg?fit=225%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/111141-1.jpg?fit=665%2C888&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-5998 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/111141-1-767x1024.jpg?resize=620%2C828\" alt=\"Icone de la Deesis avec le Christ, la Vierge et Saint Jean vers 1850- 70. (c) Galerie D'antiquit\u00e9s Martin Puch, Proantic.\" width=\"620\" height=\"828\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/111141-1.jpg?resize=767%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 767w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/111141-1.jpg?resize=225%2C300&amp;ssl=1 225w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/111141-1.jpg?resize=768%2C1025&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/111141-1.jpg?resize=620%2C828&amp;ssl=1 620w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/111141-1.jpg?w=899&amp;ssl=1 899w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5998\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Icone de la Deesis avec le Christ, la Vierge et Saint Jean vers 1850- 70.<br \/> (c) Galerie D&rsquo;antiquit\u00e9s Martin Puch, Proantic.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Vient l&rsquo;\u00e9tape de la peinture, r\u00e9alis\u00e9e \u00e0 partir de pigments naturels min\u00e9raux (ocres, oxydes m\u00e9talliques\u2026) ou animaux (noir d&rsquo;ivoire\u2026). Les pigments m\u00e9lang\u00e9s \u00e0 du jaune d&rsquo;\u0153uf et de l&rsquo;eau sont d\u00e9pos\u00e9s au pinceau (technique dite de la \u00ab\u00a0tempera\u00a0\u00bb), en commen\u00e7ant par les teintes les plus sombres puis en \u00e9claircissant. Pour les parties du corps visibles (visage, mains\u2026) l&rsquo;iconographe pose d&rsquo;abord un fond ocre sombre (le \u00ab\u00a0proplasme\u00a0\u00bb) \u00e0 partir duquel il fait ressortir les traits.<\/p>\n<p>Les ic\u00f4nes comportent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement des indications \u00e9crites pr\u00e9cisant la personne ou le th\u00e8me repr\u00e9sent\u00e9. Enfin, l&rsquo;ic\u00f4ne est prot\u00e9g\u00e9e par une pr\u00e9paration \u00e0 base d&rsquo;huile de lin (l&rsquo;Olifa).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5996\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5996\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/124018-1.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"5996\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/technique-de-licone\/124018-1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/124018-1.jpg?fit=899%2C1200&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"899,1200\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Icone representant le Saint Nicolas avec un riza en argent, Petersbourg, 1747.\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Icone representant le Saint Nicolas avec un riza en argent, Petersbourg, 1747.&lt;br \/&gt;\n(c) Galerie D&amp;rsquo;antiquit\u00e9s Martin Puch, Proantic.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/124018-1.jpg?fit=225%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/124018-1.jpg?fit=665%2C888&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-5996 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/124018-1-767x1024.jpg?resize=620%2C828\" alt=\"Icone representant le Saint Nicolas avec un riza en argent, Petersbourg, 1747. (c) Galerie D'antiquit\u00e9s Martin Puch, Proantic.\" width=\"620\" height=\"828\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/124018-1.jpg?resize=767%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 767w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/124018-1.jpg?resize=225%2C300&amp;ssl=1 225w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/124018-1.jpg?resize=768%2C1025&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/124018-1.jpg?resize=620%2C828&amp;ssl=1 620w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/124018-1.jpg?w=899&amp;ssl=1 899w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5996\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Icone representant le Saint Nicolas avec un riza en argent, Petersbourg, 1747.<br \/> (c) Galerie D&rsquo;antiquit\u00e9s Martin Puch, Proantic.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>L&rsquo;ic\u00f4ne a parfois re\u00e7u un rev\u00eatement de m\u00e9tal pr\u00e9cieux (argent ou argent dor\u00e9), travaill\u00e9 au repouss\u00e9 \u00a0et d\u00e9cor\u00e9 d&rsquo;ornements floraux, de bustes de saints en m\u00e9daillons ou de petites sc\u00e8nes et rehauss\u00e9 parfois d&rsquo;\u00e9maux\u00a0ou de pierreries. Il peut \u00eatre limit\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;encadrement ou couvrir tout le fond, voire toute la surface de l&rsquo;ic\u00f4ne, \u00e0 l&rsquo;exception du visage.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les deux grandes techniques de la peinture\u00a0d&rsquo;ic\u00f4nes, toutes deux h\u00e9rit\u00e9es de l&rsquo;Antiquit\u00e9, sont l&rsquo;encaustique et la d\u00e9trempe. La premi\u00e8re, qui consiste \u00e0 m\u00e9langer les pigments color\u00e9s \u00e0 de la cire chauff\u00e9e, fut surtout utilis\u00e9e aux\u00a0VIe\u00a0et\u00a0VIIe\u00a0si\u00e8cles. elles sont assez proches des peintures fun\u00e9raires d&rsquo;\u00c9gypte telles que nous les connaissons par les Portraits du Fayoum. \u00c0 partir [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":5999,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[372],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5979","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-abc-du-decor"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Technique de l&#039;ic\u00f4ne Le Magazine de Proantic<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Les deux grandes techniques de la peinture\u00a0d&#039;ic\u00f4nes, toutes deux h\u00e9rit\u00e9es de l&#039;Antiquit\u00e9, sont l&#039;encaustique et la d\u00e9trempe. 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