{"id":4466,"date":"2016-01-09T10:21:28","date_gmt":"2016-01-09T09:21:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/?p=4466"},"modified":"2023-03-29T22:32:12","modified_gmt":"2023-03-29T21:32:12","slug":"les-camees-chefs-doeuvre-miniatures","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/les-camees-chefs-doeuvre-miniatures\/","title":{"rendered":"Les cam\u00e9es: chefs-d’\u0153uvre miniatures"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Depuis l’antiquit\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque des Perses et des Gr\u00e9co-Romains, l’art de la glyptique a produit des pierres grav\u00e9es soit en relief ( cam\u00e9es) soit en creux (intailles) qui sont de v\u00e9ritables chefs-d’oeuvre. <\/strong> Les sculpteurs  de cam\u00e9es utilisaient essentiellement des mat\u00e9riaux pr\u00e9sentant des strates de couleurs contrast\u00e9es  (cama\u00efeu). Il s’agissait de tirer parti de cette structure en faisant appara\u00eetre ces couleurs \u00e0 des endroits voulus pour cr\u00e9er des formes.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Broche<\/a>
Broche Cam\u00e9e Onyx,, 19\u00e8me Si\u00e8cle.
(c) Le Festival des Cannes, Proantic<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Les cam\u00e9es en coquillage sont plus r\u00e9cents. Aux XIV<\/span>e <\/sup>et XV<\/span>e <\/sup>si\u00e8cles, Fran\u00e7ais, Allemands et Flamands travaillent la nacre. Il semble que la cour de France, opulente et raffin\u00e9e, appr\u00e9cie grandement les cam\u00e9es en coquillage. Les voyages d\u2019exploration effectu\u00e9s \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque introduisent en Europe des mat\u00e9riaux exotiques et rares : \u00e9cailles g\u00e9antes de tortues, d\u00e9fenses de narval, jade, ambre et coquillages \u00e9tranges.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Cam\u00e9e<\/a>
Cam\u00e9e sur agathe . XX\u00e8me.
(c) BAUME, Proantic<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

La p\u00e9riode n\u00e9oclassique remet \u00e0 l’honneur les bijoux en cam\u00e9es dans le d\u00e9cor des diad\u00e8mes, peignes et parures. C’est d\u2019Italie,  o\u00f9 mosa\u00efques et graveurs sur pierres ont conserv\u00e9 la tradition d’un savoir- faire florissant sous la Renaissance et rest\u00e9 in\u00e9gal\u00e9, que proviennent les pierres dures ( agate, corail, am\u00e9thyste, malachite,  l\u2019onyx, la sardoine) et les coquillages grav\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Pendentif<\/a>
Pendentif Cam\u00e9e Corail – XIX\u00e8me Si\u00e8cle.
(c) BAUME,proantic<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Ces cam\u00e9es, orn\u00e9s le plus souvent de figures antiques, sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement mont\u00e9s \u00e0 Paris,  o\u00f9 r\u00e9sident les joailliers capables de suivre ou de devancer les go\u00fbts des clients. La passion pour les cam\u00e9es d\u00e9ferle sur l\u2019Europe enti\u00e8re d\u00e9s l’Empire et Napol\u00e9on, d\u00e9sireux de limiter les importations d\u2019Italie, d\u00e9cide de cr\u00e9er une \u00e9cole de gravure sur pierres dures.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Cam\u00e9e<\/a>
Cam\u00e9e coquille. XIX\u00e8me si\u00e8cle.
(c) Le Festival des Cannes, Proantic<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Sous la restauration et la monarchie de juillet, les cam\u00e9es se d\u00e9mocratisent. Bien que l\u2019Italie reste, avec la petite ville de torre del Greco, au pied du V\u00e9suve, le principal producteur de cam\u00e9e sous le Second Empire, de nombreux graveurs fran\u00e7ais sur pierres dures et sur coquillages ( un mat\u00e9riau plus facile \u00e0 travailler) obtiennent des r\u00e9compenses aux expositions universelles.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Bracelet<\/a>
Bracelet orn\u00e9 d’un cam\u00e9e coquillage. XIX\u00e8me.
(c) Le Beryl d’Or<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Aujourd\u2019hui, cet art ne subsiste plus qu\u2019\u00e0 Idar-Oberstein (Allemagne), une ville sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9e dans l\u2019usinage des agates, et \u00e0 Torre del Greco, o\u00f9 les coquillages sont sculpt\u00e9s \u00e0 la main.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Artiquariato il magazine d’arte online<\/strong> de Proantic \u00a0 vous propose aussi de lire cet article sur les cam\u00e9es et d\u00e9couvrir la c\u00e9l\u00e8bre T<\/a><\/strong>azza Farnese<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>conserv\u00e9e au mus\u00e9e\u00a0 arch\u00e9ologique de\u00a0 Naples<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Depuis l’antiquit\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque des Perses et des Gr\u00e9co-Romains, l’art de la glyptique a produit des pierres grav\u00e9es soit en relief ( cam\u00e9es) soit en creux (intailles) qui sont de v\u00e9ritables chefs-d’oeuvre.  Les sculpteurs  de cam\u00e9es utilisaient essentiellement des mat\u00e9riaux pr\u00e9sentant des strates de couleurs contrast\u00e9es  (cama\u00efeu). Il s’agissait de tirer parti de cette structure en faisant appara\u00eetre […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":4475,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[180],"tags":[217],"class_list":["post-4466","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arts-decoratifs-proantic","tag-camee"],"yoast_head":"\nLes cam\u00e9es: 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