{"id":2757,"date":"2014-12-28T13:05:23","date_gmt":"2014-12-28T12:05:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/?p=2757"},"modified":"2017-12-18T08:45:37","modified_gmt":"2017-12-18T07:45:37","slug":"livoire-vegetal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/livoire-vegetal\/","title":{"rendered":"La noix de corozo: ivoire v\u00e9g\u00e9tal"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les \u00ab\u00a0palmiers \u00e0 ivoire\u00a0\u00bb originaires de la for\u00eat amazonienne donnent des fruits dont la chaire int\u00e9rieure (albumen), devient en s\u00e9chant tr\u00e8s dure et d\u2019une texture tr\u00e8s semblable \u00e0 celle de l\u2019ivoire. C\u2019est cet ivoire v\u00e9g\u00e9tal qui est appel\u00e9 corozo ou tagua est qui\u00a0est utilis\u00e9 comme\u00a0 \u00e0 l\u2019ivoire de d\u00e9fense d\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9phant.<\/strong><\/p>\n

En 1798\u00a0, les Espagnol Ruiz et Pavon, revenant d’explorer la jungle\u00a0\u00a0p\u00e9ruvienne du haut Amazone, sont les premiers \u00e0 d\u00e9crire le palmier que les Indiens quechuas\u00a0\u00a0utilisent pour fa\u00e7onner des bijoux et divers objets. Par la suite, on d\u00e9couvrira dans le nord-ouest de l’Am\u00e9rique du Sud, entre le Panama\u00a0\u00a0et la Bolivie\u00a0, huit esp\u00e8ces de ces Phytelephasou\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0\u00e9l\u00e9phants v\u00e9g\u00e9taux\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Tabati\u00e8re Corozo Attributs Jardinier Vigne Raisins Bagnard Marin XIX\u00e8me. (c) Luc de Laval, Proantic<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Le corozo fut travaill\u00e9 par les marins qui en firent par exemple des petites boites, des tabati\u00e8res des r\u00e2pes \u00e0 tabac.Ces derniers la travaillaient pour passer le temps mais aussi et surtout pour se faire un peu d’argent afin d’am\u00e9liorer leur quotidien.\u00a0Ces objets en corozo sont des beaux exemples d’art populaire.<\/p>\n

Un jour de 1865, un vapeur quitte le port d’Esmeraldas, en \u00c9quateur \u00e0 destination de Hambourg. Presque vide, il accepte de prendre \u00e0 bord une cargaison de tagua. Les Allemands d\u00e9couvrent l’ivoire v\u00e9g\u00e9tal et commencent en fabriquer des boutons et de petits objets d’ornement.<\/p>\n

En Europe, l\u2019origine de la tagua est un secret que les Allemands ne tiennent pas \u00e0 divulguer, en effet les artisans italiens sont oblig\u00e9s d\u2019aller chercher la mati\u00e8re premi\u00e8re jusqu\u2019en Allemagne. Certains pensaient que l\u2019ivoire v\u00e9g\u00e9tal provenait d\u2019Afrique. Jusqu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019ouverture du canal de Panama, qui augmenta le flux de bateaux dans la r\u00e9gion, ainsi des espions purent d\u00e9couvrir que le secret commercial de la tagua provenait de l\u2019\u00c9quateur. Des ports de Guayaquil et d’Esmeraldas\u00a0, la tagua est embarqu\u00e9e vers l’Allemagne, I’Italie, la Grande-Bretagne, la Tch\u00e9coslovaquie et la France\u00a0; puis plus tard vers l’Argentine et les \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Petite boite de mariage, forme oblongue en corozo \u00e0 d\u00e9cor de deux tourterelles sur un vase fleuri, milieu du XIX\u00e8me. (c) Riconti Bernard, Proantic<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Le commerce et l\u2019importation du corozo devint important d\u00e8s lors ou les bimbelotiers, les tabletiers et les boutonniers l\u2019adopt\u00e8rent et l\u2019utilis\u00e8rent abondamment.,L\u2019industrie du bouton en a \u00e9t\u00e9 le\u00a0plus grand utilisateur, mais on a aussi eu recours aux noix de corozo pour\u00a0la fabrication :\u00a0de d\u00e9s,\u00a0de d\u00e9s \u00e0 coudre et d\u2019\u00e9tuis \u00e0 aiguilles,\u00a0de bijoux,\u00a0de boutons de tiroir,\u00a0de petites pi\u00e8ces tourn\u00e9es d\u00e9coratives<\/p>\n

Au Japon, on utilise souvent la noix de corozo pour la fabrication de\u00a0\u00ab netsuke \u00bb, ces petites figurines du costume traditionnel japonais servant\u00a0de contrepoids aux objets attach\u00e9s \u00e0 la ceinture. Comme il se sculpte bien\u00a0tout en \u00e9tant durable, le corozo a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9 pour la sculpture d\u2019objets\u00a0miniatures, ainsi que pour la fabrication de cam\u00e9s et de petits objets\u00a0de fantaisie.<\/p>\n

Le corozo est dur, mais plut\u00f4t consistant. il\u00a0se sculpte, se tourne, se polit presque aussi facilement et finement que l\u2019ivoire. On peut le travailler avec des\u00a0outils de sculpture de d\u00e9tails, des outils de gravure ou des outils rotatifs \u00e0\u00a0arbre flexible, ainsi qu\u2019avec des limes, des r\u00e2pes, des m\u00e8ches, etc.<\/p>\n

la Seconde Guerre mondiale porte un coup fatal \u00e0 ce commerce. En 1952, l’\u00c9quateur ne vendait plus que 6\u00a0000\u00a0tonnes, soit cinq fois moins qu’en 1913. La concurrence du plastique fait tomber la tagua en d\u00e9su\u00e9tude.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les \u00ab\u00a0palmiers \u00e0 ivoire\u00a0\u00bb originaires de la for\u00eat amazonienne donnent des fruits dont la chaire int\u00e9rieure (albumen), devient en s\u00e9chant tr\u00e8s dure et d\u2019une texture tr\u00e8s semblable \u00e0 celle de l\u2019ivoire. C\u2019est cet ivoire v\u00e9g\u00e9tal qui est appel\u00e9 corozo ou tagua est qui\u00a0est utilis\u00e9 comme\u00a0 \u00e0 l\u2019ivoire de d\u00e9fense d\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9phant. En 1798\u00a0, les Espagnol Ruiz […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":2772,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[180],"tags":[434,435],"class_list":["post-2757","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arts-decoratifs-proantic","tag-corozo","tag-ivoire-vegetal"],"yoast_head":"\nLa noix de corozo: ivoire v\u00e9g\u00e9tal Le Magazine de Proantic<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Les \u00ab\u00a0palmiers \u00e0 ivoire\u00a0\u00bb originaires de la for\u00eat amazonienne donnent des fruits dont la chaire int\u00e9rieure (albumen), devient en s\u00e9chant tr\u00e8s dure et\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/livoire-vegetal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La noix de corozo: ivoire v\u00e9g\u00e9tal Le Magazine de Proantic\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"D\u00e9couvrez l art du Corozo sur le magazine de Proantic . 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