{"id":2531,"date":"2014-11-16T15:43:25","date_gmt":"2014-11-16T14:43:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/?p=2531"},"modified":"2017-12-18T08:50:10","modified_gmt":"2017-12-18T07:50:10","slug":"detrempe-vernie-dite-chipolin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/detrempe-vernie-dite-chipolin\/","title":{"rendered":"La d\u00e9trempe vernie, dite \u00abChipolin \u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"

La d\u00e9trempe vernie,\u00a0dite \u00abChipolin\u00a0\u00bb, une tr\u00e8s belle technique ancienne du d\u00e9cor peint\u00a0en vogue au XVIIIe si\u00e8cle qui passe pour \u00eatre la plus belle peinture d\u2019appartement.\u00a0C\u2019est avec elle que l\u2019on r\u00e9alise les d\u00e9cors les plus fins et les plus fouill\u00e9s.<\/strong> Cette technique de peinture \u00e0\u00a0la colle qui exige un grand nombre d’op\u00e9rations est\u00a0ainsi nomm\u00e9 de l’italien cipolla (ciboule) parce qu’il entre de l’ail dans sa pr\u00e9paration de l’encollage. \u00a0Son \u00e9clat lui vient de ce que les couleurs ne changent pas, elles refl\u00e8tent bien la lumi\u00e8re, elles acqui\u00e8rent plus de vivacit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\"fauteuil<\/a>
Fauteuil par Jean-Baptiste Gourdin (1723-1781), \u00e9poque Louis XV d\u00e9cor gris-bleu selon la technique du chipolin<\/strong>
(c) Kohn<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Les boiseries, les lambris de menuiserie qui isolent du froid et du bruit, deviennent le d\u00e9cor oblig\u00e9 de toute demeure un peu raffin\u00e9e au XVIII\u00e8me .\u00a0La mode des couleurs vives et fra\u00eeches s’impose pour les appartements priv\u00e9s : jaune citron ou safran, vert, turquoise, lilas\u2026 Les d\u00e9corateurs de l’ancien r\u00e9gime ont souvent jou\u00e9 avec la polychromie des boiseries et du mobilier pour cr\u00e9er des ambiances aimables et gaies. L\u00a0\u00bbengouement \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque \u00a0pour la porcelaine et les meubles laqu\u00e9s \u00a0en provenance de chine s’\u00e9tendit, gr\u00e2ce au vernis martin, aux boiserie r\u00e9alis\u00e9es en France.<\/p>\n

\"Boiserie<\/a>
Boiserie du salon jaune<\/strong>
(c) mus\u00e9e Carnavalet<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Peu de boiseries et de si\u00e8ges ont conserv\u00e9 ce type de peinture de nos jours. Le chipolin est une technique de peinture \u00e0 la colle de peau ou de parchemin m\u00e9lang\u00e9e \u00e0 du blanc de plomb qui est r\u00e9alis\u00e9e sur des lambris qui sont appr\u00eat\u00e9s traditionnellement \u00a0\u00bb \u00e0 la Fran\u00e7aise\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Ce n’est qu’apr\u00e8s l’adoucissage et une reparure tr\u00e8s succincte qu’intervient le polychromeur. Son art se limite, dans la plupart des cas, \u00e0 recouvrir les sculptures et les moulures avec des couleurs naturelles et vives \u00e0 la d\u00e9trempe, glacis riche en pigments. Selon la fortune de son client, il peut \u00e9galement s’adjoindre les services d’un artiste peintre pour d\u00e9corer les surfaces planes des lambris.<\/p>\n

\"Boiserie<\/a>
D\u00e9tail d’une Boiserie du<\/strong>
mus\u00e9e Carnavalet<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Lorsque le d\u00e9cor est termin\u00e9, la luminosit\u00e9 des coloris est obtenue \u00a0en recouvrant la boiserie de\u00a0deux ou trois couches d’un vernis au tampon,\u00a0vernis \u00e0 l’alcool et \u00e0 la sandaraque \u00a0qui sera ensuite d\u00e9poli pour imiter la brillance et la transparence de la porcelaine, lesquelles conf\u00e9raient un \u00e9clat particulier aux surfaces recouvertes de cette laque.<\/p>\n

La formule du vernis utilis\u00e9 dans le chipolin est \u00a0due aux fr\u00e8res martin (c\u00e9l\u00e8bres pour leur cr\u00e9ation vers 1730, du fameux \u00a0\u00bb vernis martin\u00a0\u00bb), elle est post\u00e9rieure \u00e0 celle du vernis qu’ils avaient cr\u00e9\u00e9 pour concurrencer les laques import\u00e9es de chine et du japon.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La d\u00e9trempe vernie,\u00a0dite \u00abChipolin\u00a0\u00bb, une tr\u00e8s belle technique ancienne du d\u00e9cor peint\u00a0en vogue au XVIIIe si\u00e8cle qui passe pour \u00eatre la plus belle peinture d\u2019appartement.\u00a0C\u2019est avec elle que l\u2019on r\u00e9alise les d\u00e9cors les plus fins et les plus fouill\u00e9s. Cette technique de peinture \u00e0\u00a0la colle qui exige un grand nombre d’op\u00e9rations est\u00a0ainsi nomm\u00e9 de l’italien […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":2559,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[372],"tags":[413,414,309],"class_list":["post-2531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-abc-du-decor","tag-chipolin","tag-detrempe","tag-peinture-decorative"],"yoast_head":"\nLa d\u00e9trempe vernie, dite \u00abChipolin \u00bb Le Magazine de 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