{"id":2341,"date":"2014-10-04T13:35:37","date_gmt":"2014-10-04T12:35:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/?p=2341"},"modified":"2017-12-18T08:53:56","modified_gmt":"2017-12-18T07:53:56","slug":"lhistoire-du-verre-pied","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/lhistoire-du-verre-pied\/","title":{"rendered":"L’histoire du Verre \u00e0 Vin"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u2019histoire du verre \u00e0 vin d\u00e9bute vers l\u2019an 1\u00a0500 av. J.-C., alors qu\u2019apparaissent en \u00c9gypte les premiers r\u00e9cipients en verre (le verre est compos\u00e9 de sable et de potasse). Ceux-ci se r\u00e9pandent \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque romaine alors que la technique du verre souffl\u00e9 est adopt\u00e9e par l\u2019Empire.<\/strong> Dans la Rome antique, seuls les plus riches jouissent de l\u2019usage de verres. Les autres utilisent des contenants faits de m\u00e9tal ou de terre cuite.<\/p>\n

\"Verres<\/a>
Gobelet en verre craquel\u00e9, Venise, XVI\u00e8me (c) mus\u00e9e des arts d\u00e9coratifs
Verres \u00e0 jambe, Venise, 16\u00e8me et 17\u00e8me (c) mus\u00e9e des arts d\u00e9coratifs<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Les verres de Venise<\/strong> domin\u00e8rent le march\u00e9 europ\u00e9en d\u00e9s le XV\u00e8me si\u00e8cle. C\u2019est avec l\u2019invention du \u00ab cristallo \u00bb\u00a0( verre limpide semblable au cristal de roche) \u00a0\u00e0 Murano au XV\u00e8me si\u00e8cle que le verre commence \u00e0 se styliser. \u00a0Le verre de Murano\u00a0\u00e0 l’\u00e9tat de fusion, devenait tendre\u00a0: il \u00e9tait donc ais\u00e9 de le fa\u00e7onner pour parvenir \u00e0 des formes ornementales \u00e9labor\u00e9es\u00a0; Trop fin pour le tailler \u00e0 la meule, il convenait tout \u00e0 fait \u00e0 la gravure \u00e0 la pointe de diamant.\u00a0Ce verre transparent proche du cristal permet aux verriers de travailler sur le raffinement, les ornements ou encore les filigranes, installant plus encore le verre comme un symbole de richesse.<\/p>\n

\"Verre<\/a>
Verre \u00e0 vin Boh\u00e8me grav\u00e9 ,debut XVIII\u00e8me.
Galerie Catherine Daveau-Bitton
(c) Proantic<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

D\u00e8s son apparition, le cristal de Boh\u00eame<\/strong> entre en concurrence avec le \u00ab cristallo \u00bb de Murano.\u00a0Au XVIII\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, l’invention en Boh\u00eame du cristal de potasse rendit la taille et la gravure possibles; Caspar Lehmann, orf\u00e8vre \u00e0 Prague utilise alors la technique de gravure des pierres pr\u00e9cieuses \u00e0 la roue pour orner les verres de motifs et de dessins. La stylisation du verre se poursuit. le mat\u00e9riau de base fut encore am\u00e9lior\u00e9 \u00e0 la fin du XVIII\u00e8me si\u00e8cle avec le verre au plomb, plus solide et plus transparent.<\/p>\n

\"S\u00e9rie<\/a>
S\u00e9rie de 6 verres \u00e0 boire du XVIII\u00e8me si\u00e8cle.<\/strong>
Galerie Catherine Daveau-Bitton (c) Proantic<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Le v\u00e9ritable cristal<\/strong> appara\u00eet \u00e0 Londres en 1676, lorsque George Ravenscroft utilise un m\u00e9lange de charbon et d\u2019oxyde de plomb. C\u2019est l\u2019occasion pour les Anglais de dominer ce qui deviendra le march\u00e9 du verre de luxe. Jaloux de ce monopole, Louis XV approuve la fondation d\u2019une verrerie \u00e0 Baccarat puis de la Verrerie Royale de Saint-Louis, qui donnera naissance au premier cristal fran\u00e7ais en 1785.<\/p>\n

Peu utilis\u00e9 avant le XVIII\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, il fut d\u00e8s lors consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un objet de luxe; Il fallut attendre le XIX\u00e8me si\u00e8cle\u00a0<\/em>\u00a0l’industrialisation pour que le verre devienne un objet d’usage courant.\u00a0Les foyers se fournissent d\u00e8s lors en coupes, verres ou carafes pour les arts de la table mais aussi pour la conservation d\u2019ingr\u00e9dients ou la manipulation de produits.<\/p>\n

\"Suite<\/a>
Suite de six verre \u00e0 vin d\u00e9but XIX\u00e8me.<\/strong>
Galerie Antiquit\u00e9s Guillaume Rullier
(c) Proantic<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Un verre \u00e0 pied se compose de trois parties\/ le pied, la jambe et la coupe. Elles sont habilement assembl\u00e9es par le verrier. les faiblesses de cette structure \u00a0sont \u00e9videntes: la jambe, qui supporte la coupe et fait le lien avec la base du verre, est \u00e0 la fois le point le plus sensible et le plus manipul\u00e9.<\/p>\n

L\u2019origine des verres \u00e0 pied remonte \u00e0 l\u2019Affaire des Poisons, cette histoire d\u2019empoisonnements en s\u00e9rie \u00e0 la cour du roi Louis XIV entre 1679 et 1682. A l\u2019issue de cette affaire, les verres \u00e0 pied furent d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s afin d\u2019obliger les domestiques \u00e0 porter le verre par le pied et donc \u00e0 ne plus poser les mains sur le verre pour y verser du poison.
\nLorsqu\u2019il ne poss\u00e8de pas de pied, un verre est appel\u00e9 \u00ab gobelet \u00bb. On dit qu\u2019il a une \u00ab forme haute \u00bb s\u2019il est plus haut que large, et une \u00ab forme basse \u00bb s\u2019il est plus large que haut.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Peu utilis\u00e9 avant le XVIII\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, il fut d\u00e8s lors consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un objet de luxe; Il fallut attendre le si\u00e8cle suivant et l’industrialisation pour que le verre devienne un objet d’usage courant.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":2347,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[180],"tags":[394,393],"class_list":["post-2341","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arts-decoratifs-proantic","tag-histoire","tag-verre-a-pied"],"yoast_head":"\nL'histoire du Verre \u00e0 Vin Le Magazine de Proantic<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Peu utilis\u00e9 avant le XVIII\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, il fut d\u00e8s lors consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un objet de luxe; 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