{"id":10948,"date":"2019-07-07T14:30:49","date_gmt":"2019-07-07T13:30:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/?p=10948"},"modified":"2019-07-07T15:54:23","modified_gmt":"2019-07-07T14:54:23","slug":"lart-du-verre-multicouche","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.proantic.com\/magazine\/lart-du-verre-multicouche\/","title":{"rendered":"L’art du verre multicouche"},"content":{"rendered":"

Description de la technique<\/b>
\nCette appellation d\u00e9signe un verre souffl\u00e9 constitu\u00e9 de deux couches superpos\u00e9es -voire plus- de verres de couleur diff\u00e9rente. Ces couches sont fr\u00e9quemment destin\u00e9es \u00e0 \u00eatre taill\u00e9es ou grav\u00e9es, en creux ou en relief , afin de r\u00e9v\u00e9ler les diff\u00e9rentes couleurs sous-jacentes. (cette technique est complexe compte-tenu de la dilatation et de l\u2019\u00e9lasticit\u00e9 des diff\u00e9rents verres utilis\u00e9s)<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
(c) Antiquit\u00e9s Sordes<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Deux m\u00e9thodes inverses peuvent \u00eatre mises en oeuvre pour parvenir \u00e0 ce r\u00e9sultat. Soit le verrier plonge une paraison de verre de couleur A dans un creuset de verre en fusion de couleur contrast\u00e9e B qui se d\u00e9pose \u00e0 l\u2019ext\u00e9rieur de la couche A initiale et la recouvre. Soit le verrier souffle une paraison de verre A \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur d\u2019une coupelle o\u00f9 se trouve une fine couche de couleur B, souffl\u00e9e et mise en forme pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
(c) Lucas L&E<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

On peut \u00e9ventuellement multiplier les couches de couleur en renouvelant l\u2019op\u00e9ration. La premi\u00e8re de ces techniques, et la plus ancienne, est dite en anglais \u201cdip overlay\u201d ou \u201cflashing\u201d; la deuxi\u00e8me est dite \u201ccup overlay\u201d ou \u201ccased glass\u201d. Le verre multicouche est en particulier \u00e0 la base du \u201ccameo glass\u201d, ou verre multicouche grav\u00e9 en relief \u00e0 l\u2019instar des cam\u00e9es antiques en pierres fines ou coquillages.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
(c) Antiquit\u00e9s Art Nouveau<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Historique de la technique<\/b>
\nCette technique \u00e9tait d\u00e9j\u00e0 parfaitement ma\u00eetris\u00e9e dans le monde romain, avec une m\u00e9thode de double cueillage, et elle permettait de graver ensuite \u00e0 froid, dans la couche externe de verre, des d\u00e9cors en relief tr\u00e8s \u00e9labor\u00e9s qui ressortaient sur le fond contrast\u00e9 de la couche de verre interne.<\/p>\n

Ce genre de gravure d\u00e9rivait techniquement et esth\u00e9tiquement de la glyptique, art de la gravure des pierres dures. Le \u201cVase de Portland \u201c du British Museum, et le vase \u00e0 d\u00e9cor isiaque conserv\u00e9 au Mus\u00e9e arch\u00e9ologique de Naples, repr\u00e9sentent deux des plus fameux exemples de l\u2019association de ces techniques de verre multicouche et de gravure en cam\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
(c) Ruyten Fine Art<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

En Chine, ce m\u00eame proc\u00e9d\u00e9 a donn\u00e9 naissance au XVIII\u00e8me et au XIX\u00e8me si\u00e8cle \u00e0 une production de tabati\u00e8res et de vases \u00e0 d\u00e9cors de fleurs de lotus, de poissons et de sc\u00e8nes figuratives. Les verriers v\u00e9nitiens s\u2019y sont ponctuellement int\u00e9ress\u00e9s vers 1890, avec les cr\u00e9ations d\u2019esprit antiquisant d\u2019Attilio Spaccarrelli pour la Compagnia di Venezia e Murano.<\/p>\n

Mais c\u2019est en France, \u00e0 la fin du XIX\u00e8me qu\u2019Emile Gall\u00e9<\/strong> et les fr\u00e8res Daum<\/strong> ont abondamment produit des verres multicouches grav\u00e9s \u00e0 la roue et (ou) \u00e0 l\u2019acide, dans un style original, et \u00e0 leur suite les verriers su\u00e9dois se sont inspir\u00e9s de leurs m\u00e9thodes pour inventer la technique du Verre Graal.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
(c) Antiquit\u00e9s Annick Vidal<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Par ailleurs, c\u2019est en Boh\u00eame que la technique plus courante du verre double couche taill\u00e9 et grav\u00e9 en intaille a pris son essor avant de se r\u00e9pandre dans toute l\u2019Europe et aux Etats-Unis au XIX\u00e8me si\u00e8cle. Notons que la technique de l\u2019overlay est tr\u00e8s pr\u00e9sente dans la production sp\u00e9cifique des presse-papiers o\u00f9 la taille op\u00e8re dans l\u2019enveloppe color\u00e9e des fen\u00eatres transparentes qui ouvrent sur un d\u00e9cor interne chatoyant et en accentuent la profondeur .<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
(c) Antiquit\u00e9s Annick Vidal<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Dans les ann\u00e9es 50-60, les cr\u00e9ations de Flavio Poli pour Seguso, en \u201cvetro sommerso\u201d , d\u00e9bouchent sur une esth\u00e9tique du verre multicouche d\u00e9licate et raffin\u00e9e qui se suffit \u00e0 elle-m\u00eame, sans le compl\u00e9ment d\u00e9coratif de la gravure.<\/p>\n

Source de l’article: http:\/\/www.idverre.net<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Description de la technique Cette appellation d\u00e9signe un verre souffl\u00e9 constitu\u00e9 de deux couches superpos\u00e9es -voire plus- de verres de couleur diff\u00e9rente. Ces couches sont fr\u00e9quemment destin\u00e9es \u00e0 \u00eatre taill\u00e9es ou grav\u00e9es, en creux ou en relief , afin de r\u00e9v\u00e9ler les diff\u00e9rentes couleurs sous-jacentes. (cette technique est complexe compte-tenu de la dilatation et de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":10963,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[372],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10948","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-abc-du-decor"],"yoast_head":"\nL'art du verre multicouche Le Magazine de Proantic<\/title>\n<meta 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